The main purpose of solution treatment is to dissolve carbides or other precipitated phases in solid solution to obtain a supersaturated single-phase structure. Castings of austenitic stainless steel, austenitic manganese steel and pre...

Tempering refers to a heat treatment process in which the quenched or normalized steel castings are heated to a selected temperature lower than the critical point Ac1, and after holding for a period of time, they are cooled at an a...

Quenching is a heat treatment process in which steel castings are heated to a temperature above Ac3 or Ac1, and then rapidly cooled after holding for a period of time to obtain a complete martensitic structure. The steel castings ...

Normalizing is a heat treatment in which the steel is heated to 30 °C - 50 °C above Ac3 (hypoeutectoid steel) and Acm (hypereutectoid steel), and after a period of heat preservation, it is cooled to room temperature in air or i...

Annealing is to heat the steel whose structure deviates from the equilibrium state to a certain temperature predetermined by the process, and then slowly cool it after heat preservation (usually cooling with the furnace or burying i...

Here in this article we mainly introduce the general information of the heat treatment and how they influent the performances of the steel castings of carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel and other metal castings.

During the test of mechanical properties of castings, the hardness is always required by the end users or customers. Due to different materials and casting processes, the required number of hardness is covered from a wide range.

For the lost foam casting process, the carbon-increasing defect of steel castings is a difficult problem. Carburization means that the carbon content in steel castings will be higher than expected after casting. The carbon content is...

Gray iron castings play a very important role in many fundamental fields of industry and machinery. In this article, we have cited examples of working conditions and uses of different grades of gray cast iron.

Both vacuum casting and lost foam casting use dry sand filling, vibration compaction, sealing sand box with plastic film, vacuum pumping to reinforce the mold and negative pressure casting.

Vaccum Casting is also called Negative Pressure Sealed Casting, Reduced Pressure Casting or V Process Casting. Vacuum pressure casting requires the use of air extraction equipment to extract the air inside the casting mold,...

Lost Foam Casting, also known as Full Mold Casting, or Cavityless Molding Casting, refers to a casting method that combines foam molding with dry sand molding. The molten metal directly fills and replaces the space occup...